Grayling

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About Grayling
Wikipedia Article About Grayling on Wikipedia

Thymallus Linck, 1790, is a genus of freshwater fish in the salmon family (family Salmonidae) of order Salmoniformes; it is the only genus of subfamily Thymallinae. The type species is T. thymallus, the grayling. The genus's five distinct species are generically called graylings, but without qualification this also refers specifically to T. thymallus.

The fishes of this genus are native to the northern parts of the Nearctic and Palearctic ecozones, ranging from the United Kingdom and northern Europe across Eurasia to Siberia, as well as northern North America. T. thymallus, the grayling proper, is widespread in Europe, and T. arcticus arcticus, the Arctic grayling, is widespread throughout Eurasia east of the Ural Mountains and in the Nearctic. The other species and T. arcticus subspecies have more localized ranges.

The Thymallus species are distinguished from other members of the salmon family by their larger scales, their small mouths with teeth on the maxillary bone, and most striking of all, their showy, sail-like dorsal fins. This fin is longer in males and highly colourful, with spots of red, orange, purple or green. The body is also colourful; the dorsal surface is a dark purplish to bluish black or gray, grading to dark blue or silver gray on the flanks and gray or white on the belly. The body is further decorated with a smattering of small dark spots; these are much more numerous in juveniles. The largest of the graylings in terms of length is the Arctic grayling (T. arcticus arcticus) at a maximum length of 76 cm (30 in) and a maximum weight of 3.8 kg (8.4 lb); other subspecies of T. arcticus are typically half this length or less. The grayling proper, T. thymallus, while somewhat shorter—60 cm (24 in)—may weigh significantly more, 6.7 kg (15 lb). The fishes of this genus may live for 18 years or more.

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