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There's nothing more frustrating than running out of an ingredient when you're right in the middle of cooking. Consider substituting the missing ingredient with something else from your kitchen. Here are a few common substitution ideas.

Substitution table[]

Item Qty Substitution
allspice 1 tsp ½ tsp cinnamon + ½ tsp ground cloves
apple pie spice 1 tsp ½ tsp cinnamon + ¼ tsp nutmeg + ⅛ tsp cardamom
baking powder 1 tsp ¼ tsp baking soda + ⅝ tsp cream of tartar
broth, beef or chicken 1 cup 1 bouillon cube dissolved in 1 cup boiling water
1 envelope (or 1 tsp) powdered broth base dissolved in 1 cup boiling water
butter ¼ cup ¼ cup Crisco (regular or butter-flavor) shortening + 1½ tsp water
butter ⅓ cup ⅓ cup Crisco (regular or butter-flavor) shortening + 2 tsp water
butter ½ cup ½ cup Crisco (regular or butter-flavor) shortening + 1 Tbsp water
butter ⅔ cup ⅔ cup Crisco (regular or butter-flavor) shortening + 4 tsp water
butter ¾ cup ¾ cup Crisco (regular or butter-flavor) shortening + 1 Tbsp water + 1½ tsp water
butter 1 cup 1 cup Crisco (regular or butter-flavor) shortening + 2 Tbsp water
buttermilk 1 cup 1 cup plain yogurt
1 cup milk minus 1 Tbsp + 1 Tbsp lemon juice or vinegar
catsup 1 cup 1 cup tomato sauce + ½ cup sugar + 2 Tbsp vinegar (for use in cooking)
chocolate, semisweet 1 ounce 1 ounce unsweetened chocolate + 1 Tbsp sugar
cocoa ¼ cup 1 ounce chocolate (decrease fat in recipe by reducing the recipe by ½ Tbsp oil or butter)
cornstarch 1 Tbsp 2 Tbsp flour
cream, half-and-half 1 cup ⅞ cup milk + 3 Tbsp butter
egg 1 whole 2 egg whites
¼ cup egg substitute
flour, all purpose 1 cup ½ cup whole wheat flour + ½ cup all-purpose flour
flour, cake 1 cup 1 cup minus 2 Tbsp sifted all-purpose flour
garlic 1 clove ⅛ tsp garlic powder
1 tsp chopped garlic
gingerroot 1 Tbsp ⅛ tsp powdered ginger
herbs, fresh 1 Tbsp 1 tsp dried
ketchup 1 cup 1 cup tomato sauce + ½ cup sugar + 2 Tbsp vinegar (for use in cooking)
lemon juice 1 tsp ½ tsp vinegar
mushrooms, fresh 1 pound 1 x 10-ounce can, drained
mustard, dry 1 tsp 1 Tbsp prepared mustard
onion, fresh 1 small 1 Tbsp instant minced
onion powder 1 Tbsp 1 medium onion, chopped
4 Tbsp fresh chopped onion
orange 1 medium ½ cup juice
pimento, chopped 2 Tbsp 3 Tbsp fresh red bell pepper, chopped
pumpkin pie spice 1 tsp ½ tsp cinnamon + ¼ tsp ginger + ⅛ tsp allspice + ⅛ tsp nutmeg
sour cream 1 cup ¾ cup buttermilk + ⅓ cup butter or margarine
⅓ cup buttermilk + 1 Tbsp lemon juice + 1 cup cottage cheese, blended until smooth
1 cup plain yogurt
¾ cup milk, ¾ tsp lemon juice + ⅓ cup butter or margarine
brown sugar, firmly packed 1 cup 2 Tbsp molasses
sugar, granulated 1 cup 1 cup powdered sugar
1 cup brown sugar, firmly packed
1 cup corn syrup or honey (decrease liquid called for in recipe by ¼ cup)
tomatoes, fresh, chopped 2 cups 1 x 16-ounce can, drained
yogurt, plain 1 cup 1 cup buttermilk
1 cup sour cream
1 cup cottage cheese + 1 tsp lemon juice, blended until smooth
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